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液壓缸結構基本上可以(yi)分為缸筒(tong)和缸蓋(gai)、活(huo)塞(sai)和活(huo)塞(sai)桿、密封裝(zhuang)置、緩沖(chong)裝(zhuang)置和排氣裝(zhuang)置五(wu)個部分。今天威海力建小(xiao)編(bian)著重帶著大家了解一下缸筒(tong)和缸蓋(gai)。

 缸筒和缸蓋

一般(ban)來說(shuo)，缸(gang)筒(tong)(tong)和(he)缸(gang)蓋的(de)(de)(de)結(jie)(jie)構(gou)(gou)(gou)形式(shi)(shi)和(he)其使(shi)用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)材(cai)料有關。工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作壓(ya)力p＜10MPa時(shi)，使(shi)用(yong)(yong)鑄(zhu)(zhu)鐵；p＜20MPa時(shi)，使(shi)用(yong)(yong)無(wu)縫鋼(gang)管(guan)；p＞20MPa時(shi)，使(shi)用(yong)(yong)鑄(zhu)(zhu)鋼(gang)或鍛鋼(gang)。法蘭連(lian)(lian)(lian)接(jie)式(shi)(shi)，結(jie)(jie)構(gou)(gou)(gou)簡(jian)單(dan)，容易加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，也容易裝拆(chai)(chai)，但外(wai)形尺(chi)寸(cun)和(he)重量都較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)大，常用(yong)(yong)于(yu)鑄(zhu)(zhu)鐵制的(de)(de)(de)缸(gang)筒(tong)(tong)上。半環(huan)連(lian)(lian)(lian)接(jie)式(shi)(shi)，它(ta)的(de)(de)(de)缸(gang)筒(tong)(tong)壁(bi)部因(yin)開了環(huan)形槽而削(xue)弱了強度，為此有時(shi)要加厚缸(gang)壁(bi)，它(ta)容易加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)和(he)裝拆(chai)(chai)，重量較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)輕，常用(yong)(yong)于(yu)無(wu)縫鋼(gang)管(guan)或鍛鋼(gang)制的(de)(de)(de)缸(gang)筒(tong)(tong)上。螺紋連(lian)(lian)(lian)接(jie)式(shi)(shi)，它(ta)的(de)(de)(de)缸(gang)筒(tong)(tong)端部結(jie)(jie)構(gou)(gou)(gou)復雜，外(wai)徑(jing)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)時(shi)要求(qiu)保證內外(wai)徑(jing)同心(xin)，裝拆(chai)(chai)要使(shi)用(yong)(yong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)具，它(ta)的(de)(de)(de)外(wai)形尺(chi)寸(cun)和(he)重量都較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)小，常用(yong)(yong)于(yu)無(wu)縫鋼(gang)管(guan)或鑄(zhu)(zhu)鋼(gang)制的(de)(de)(de)缸(gang)筒(tong)(tong)上。拉桿連(lian)(lian)(lian)接(jie)式(shi)(shi)，結(jie)(jie)構(gou)(gou)(gou)的(de)(de)(de)通(tong)用(yong)(yong)性(xing)大，容易加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)和(he)裝拆(chai)(chai)，但外(wai)形尺(chi)寸(cun)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)大，且(qie)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)重。焊接(jie)連(lian)(lian)(lian)接(jie)式(shi)(shi)，結(jie)(jie)構(gou)(gou)(gou)簡(jian)單(dan)，尺(chi)寸(cun)小，但缸(gang)底處內徑(jing)不易加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，且(qie)可能引起變形。

有異物(wu)進入后，活塞(sai)滑動表面(mian)的外側如裝有帶(dai)唇緣的密(mi)封件，那么，工作時(shi)密(mi)封件的唇緣即可刮動異物(wu)，這(zhe)對于避免劃傷是有利的。但是裝0形(xing)密(mi)封圈的活塞(sai)，其兩(liang)端是滑動表面(mian)，異物(wu)夾在此滑動表面(mian)之間，容(rong)易形(xing)成(cheng)傷痕(hen)。

異物進入缸(gang)內的途徑有下列幾(ji)種。

① 進入(ru)缸內(nei)的異物(wu)

a.由于保管時不注意使油(you)口敞(chang)開著，將產(chan)生時刻接受異物的條件，這是不允許的。保管時必須注入(ru)防銹(xiu)油(you)或者工(gong)作油(you)液(ye)，并且(qie)塞好。

修復工藝：

1、用氧-乙(yi)que火(huo)焰烤劃傷部位（掌握溫(wen)度，避免表面(mian)退(tui)火(huo)），將(jiang)常(chang)年滲金屬表面(mian)的油烤出來，烤到沒有火(huo)花四濺。

2、將劃(hua)傷(shang)部位用角磨(mo)機表面處理，打磨(mo)深度1毫米以(yi)上，并(bing)沿導軌打磨(mo)出(chu)溝槽，燕尾槽。劃(hua)傷(shang)兩端(duan)鉆孔加深，改變受力(li)情況(kuang)。

 3、用(yong)脫脂棉蘸丙tong或無水乙醇將表面(mian)清洗干凈。（威海力建(jian)液壓設備(bei)廠）